1)Charles Macintosh, born on Dec 29,1766 in Glasgow, Scotland
2)Died: 1843 in Dunchattan, Scotland
3)Profession: Chemist, Inventor
4)Macintosh was born in Glasgow, the son of George Macintosh and Mary Moore
5)He was first employed as a clerk
6)Macintosh married, in 1790, Mary Fisher, daughter of Alexander Fisher a merchant of Glasgow.
7)Charles was prepared with university studies at Glasgow and as a student of Joseph Black at Edinburgh.
8)By the time he was twenty, Charles had opened a plant in Glasgow to produce sal ammoniac (ammonium chloride) and Prussian blue dye.
9)In 1797, he established Scotland’s first alum works at Hurlet, Renfrewshire.
10)He found a source of the alum in waste shale from coal mines. Additional chemical works followed later.
11)His father originally came from the Highlands, moving to Glasgow to set up a factory in Dennistoun in 1777 to manufacture a violet-red dying powder made from lichens (cudbear).
12)Macintosh had a strong interest in chemistry.
13)A yeast factory which Macintosh set up in 1809 failed because of opposition from London brewers.
14)Oct. 12 in 1823, Scottish chemist Charles Macintosh sold the first raincoat. In Great Britain, the garment is still called a “Mac”
15)His patent, No. 4,804, described how to “manufacture for rendering the texture of hemp, flax, wool, cotton, silk, and also leather, paper and other substances impervious to water and air.”
16)He joined two sheets of fabric together with this solution, allowed them to dry, and discovered that the new material could not be penetrated by water - the first rainproof cloth!
17)Together with chemist George Hancock, Macintosh solved many of the problems involved in reliably producing waterproofed sheets and coats.
18)The material was first introduced in 1824 as Mackintosh (with an additional "k").
19)Mackintosh raincoats are named after him.Mackintosh raincoats are still made today.
20)Macintosh founded his own waterproofing company in Glasgow in 1834.
21)The factory is now owned by the Dunlop Rubber Company
22)He invented a revolutionary bleaching powder , devised a way of using carbon gases to convert malleable iron to steel by a short-cut method, and worked out a hot-blast process with James Neilson to produce high quality cast iron.
23)Macintosh was also associated with David Dale in the making of turkey-red dyeing in Scotland, and established the first Scottish alum (a double sulphate of aluminium and potassium) works.
24)The first raincoats smelled bad, stiffened in cold weather, and gummed up in hot weather, but farmers, fishermen, and firemen loved them.
25)He was called Father of Raincoat
26)Macintosh was honored for his contributions to chemistry by his election in 1823 as a fellow of the Royal Society.
27)His keen interest in chemistry made him resign from his day job and completely immerse into the study and manufacture of chemicals.
28)He discovered a fast method of using carbon gases to convert iron to steel.
29)His experiments with one of the by-products of tar, naphtha, led to his invention of waterproof fabrics, the essence of his patent being the cementing of two thicknesses of cloth together with natural (India) rubber, the rubber being made soluble by the action of the naphtha.
30)He devoted all his spare time to science, particularly chemistry, and before he was twenty resigned his clerkship to take up the manufacture of chemicals.
31)December 29 2016 Google celebrate Charles Macintosh`s 250th Birthday with raining doodle
32)Charles Macintosh passed away in 1843 at Dunchattan, Scotland and was buried in the churchyard of Glasgow Cathedral.
33)He is buried with his parents in the ground of his great grandfather, John Anderson of Douhill, Lord Provost of Glasgow.
34)His name is added to the impressive 17th century monument.
35)The mackintosh, as it came to be known, was greatly improved when vulcanized rubber, which resisted temperature changes, became available in 1839.
36)A secondary memorial also exists (in polished red granite, dating from the late 19th century) slightly to the north, where Charles is again mentioned on the grave of his son George.
37)He made a series of important contributions to the field of industrial chemistry in the early 1800s
38)Apart from India, the google doodle birthday celebration was up in US, Canada and parts of Europe and Africa.
39)He was educated at the grammar school at Glasgow, and afterwards at a school at Catterick Bridge, Yorkshire.
40)Macintosh's connection with the manufacture of india-rubber was almost accidental, and has somewhat obscured his fame as a chemist.
41)Tired of the life of a clerk, he embarked before he was twenty years of age in the manufacture of sal ammoniac
42)In 1786 he introduced from Holland the manufacture of sugar of lead, and about the same time he commenced making acetate of alumina.
43)Macintosh retired from the concern in 1814.
44). In 1820 he had built a machine (his ‘pickle’) to tear up scrap rubber in the hope that the freshly torn surfaces would fuse together to give a uniform block which could then be re-used.
45)In 1843, when Charles died, his son George joined the board but after a couple of years he left and there was no Macintosh connection with the company after that.
46)Macintosh & Co at the Great Exhibition of 1851 set it on the road to financial security.
47)In 1818, while analysing the by-products of a works making coal gas, he discovered dissolved indiarubber.
48)He was a brilliant chemist with achievements in many different fields.
49) Macintosh’s original idea is still evident in today’s cutting-edge waterproof fabrics.
50)1980’s: The Mackintosh brand begins to collaborate with leading fashion houses including Hermes and Celine.
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